成都高中英語補(bǔ)習(xí)班_2020高中沖刺英語知識點(diǎn)溫習(xí)
. 總而言之 in a word
英語語法是針對英語語言進(jìn)行研究后,英語語法系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來的一系列語言規(guī)則。英語語法的精髓在于掌握語言的使用。接下來是小編為大??
中沖刺英語知識點(diǎn)溫習(xí)一
種種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)
被動語態(tài)概述
被動語態(tài)的觀點(diǎn):它是動詞的一種形式,示意主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。自動語態(tài)示意主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者,例如:They saw the little boy crying by the river.被動語態(tài)示意主語是謂語動作的蒙受者,例如:The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動語態(tài)的組成
被動語態(tài)的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的已往分詞”組成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱數(shù)時態(tài)等的差異而轉(zhuǎn)變。幾種常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式如下:
一樣平?,F(xiàn)在時am/is/are+已往分詞
例如:Rice is planted in the south of China.
一樣平常已往時was/were+已往分詞
例如:These trees were planted the year before last.
一樣平常未來時will/shall+be+已往分詞
例如:A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
現(xiàn)在舉行時am/is/are+being+已往分詞
例如:Your radio is being repaired now.
已往舉行時was/were+being+已往分詞
When he got there,the problem was being discussed.
現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+been+已往分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes,it has./No,it hasn’t.
已往完成時had+been+已往分詞
注重:除了be之外的其它系動詞如get,stay等也可以和過
去分詞組成被動語態(tài)。例如:Their questions haven’t got answered.
含有情態(tài)動詞的謂語釀成被動語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動詞+be+已往分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr.Black comes.
含有“be going to”,“be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語,其被動語態(tài)劃分用“be going to+be+已往分詞”和“be to+be+已往分詞”。例如:The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別:“連系動詞+用作表語的已往分詞”組成的系表結(jié)構(gòu),與被動語態(tài)的形式完全一樣,以是應(yīng)注
意它們的區(qū)別。被動語態(tài)中的已往分詞是動詞,多強(qiáng)調(diào)動作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的已往分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞,多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通??捎胋y 引出動作的執(zhí)行者,爾后者則不能以。例如:
The map was changed by someone.(被動結(jié)構(gòu))
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的已往分詞通??杀籿ery修飾,被動語態(tài)中的已往分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如:He was very excited.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
He was much excited by her words.(被動結(jié)構(gòu))
自動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的自動形式有被動意味,如 open,read,sell,shut,wash,wear,write等。此時句子的主語一樣平常是物。
例如:These books sell well.這些書很脫銷。
The door won’t shut.這門關(guān)不上。
The clothes wash well.這些衣服很好洗。
中沖刺英語知識點(diǎn)溫習(xí)二
allow與permit
用法相同
allow / permit sb .to do sth .允許某人做某事
allow / permit doing sth . 允許做某事。此時動詞只用ing 形式。
反義詞forbid 具有同樣用法。
意義有異同
許多情形下可換用,只是詞意的強(qiáng)弱上有差異。allow語意較弱,含有―聽任‖,―默許‖,―不加阻止‖的
意思;permit 語意較強(qiáng),強(qiáng)調(diào)―正式認(rèn)可‖,―批準(zhǔn)‖的意思。如:
The nurse allowed him to remain there ,though it was not permitted.
護(hù)士讓他留在那里,雖然這時(劃定)不允許的。
amaze vt.使……驚訝 = astonish, surprise
The news amazed us greatly.這條新聞使我們感應(yīng)很驚訝。
拓展:(amazed人對……感應(yīng)受驚的;amazing(某物)……信人受驚的。
They were all amazed at the amazing news.
聽到這個令人受驚的新聞他們感應(yīng)驚訝。
(amazement n.
to one’s amazement令人受驚的是
To my amazement, they have gone to Xishuangbanna.
讓我新鮮的是,他們?nèi)ノ麟p版納了。
類似短語:to one’s happiness/excitement/sadness/puzzlement
使某人喜悅的/興奮的/傷心的/疑惑的是
and so on : etc 等等。用來示意枚舉,但又紛歧一列出。
He knows five foreign languages, English, French, Japanese and so on.他懂外語,如英語法
語日語等等。
announce, explain, introduce, declare后面不接雙賓語,若以人作賓語常置于to后。如:
The president announced to the workers the sad news.
The president announced the sad news to the workers.
總裁向工人宣布了那不幸的新聞。
He introduced the new comer to everyone here.
他把新來的那小我私人先容給這里的每小我私人。
report to sb.向某人匯報:report sth/sb.to sb.向某人匯報/告訴。
[應(yīng)用]單句改錯
?、賂he teacher explained his students how to use the computer.
?、贜o one declared us we could not smoke here.
Key:①explain后加to ②declare后加to
another day/the other day/some day/one day
another day 可示意近期未來的某一天,意為―改天‖,也可示意已往未來某一動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)的―又一
天‖。如:
She is coming another day instead of today. 她今天不來,改天來。
You may do it another day.
你可以改天做這件事。
He stayed there (for) another day/another two days after I lift.
我脫離后他在那又待了一天/兩天。
the other day 相當(dāng)于a few days ago,意為―幾天前某天那天不久前‖,句中用一樣平常已往時。如:
I met her in the street the other day.幾天前我在街上遇見過她。
I bought the watch the other day.這手表我是幾天前買的。
some day指未來―總有一天有朝一日終將(日后)某一天‖,謂語動詞用一樣平常未來時.如:
Your wishes will come true some day.總有一天你的愿望會實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
Some day you’ll have to pay for what you have done.
總有一天你要為你的行為而支出價值的。
one day可以示意―(已往)某一天‖,謂語動詞常用一樣平常已往式;也可示意―(未來)某一天‖,這時
可與some day相互取代,謂語常用一樣平常未來時。如:
One day I went to see my first teacher ,but he happened to be out.有一天,我去看我的啟蒙先生,
可恰巧他出去了。
He will understand the teacher one day/some day.未來有一天,他會明晰先生的。
anxious, eager
兩個詞均有―盼望,急于‖之意。anxious 著重指焦慮著急或郁悶;而eager著重指對樂成的期望或進(jìn)取的熱情。兩者都多用作表語,其主語通常是人,不能以無生命的事物作主語。對比:
否定式:not as/so --- as
學(xué)習(xí)英語貴在堅持,找到適合自己的方法,多運(yùn)用多溫故。接下來是小編為大家整理的年高考英語考點(diǎn),希望大家喜歡! 年高考英語考點(diǎn)??
,擠時間,講效率 重要的是進(jìn)行時間上的通盤計劃,制定較為詳細(xì)的課后時間安排計劃表,課后時間要充分利用,合理安排,嚴(yán)格遵守,堅持下去,形成習(xí)慣。 計劃表要按照時間和內(nèi)容順序,把放學(xué)回家后自己的吃飯休息學(xué)習(xí)時間安排一下,學(xué)習(xí)時間以分鐘為一節(jié),中間休息分鐘,下午第四節(jié)若為自習(xí)課也列入計劃表內(nèi)。,He is eager to join the army.他盼望參軍。
He is anxious to know whether he has been chosen.
他急于知道是否被選上了。
常用搭配:
?、賐e anxious to do sth.盼望急切地做某事;
be anxious for盼望(領(lǐng)會獲得);
be anxious about郁悶,對……感應(yīng)不安
?、赽e eager to do sth.急切地想做某事;
be eager for (about, after)盼望,渴求,
be eager for your help盼望獲得你的輔助;
be eager about peace盼望和平
?、賹W(xué)生們都急切地想知道考試效果。
The students ________ ________ ________ ________ the results ofthe examination.
?、谡l人小男孩盼望獲得一臺新錄音機(jī)。
The little boy was ________ ________a new recorder.
?、畚液苡魫炍覂鹤拥目到?。
I’m ________ ________my son’s health.
④他殷切希望女兒的樂成。
He is __________ _________ his daughter’s success.
Key:①are, anxious(eager),to ,know
?、赼nxious(eager),for
?、踑nxious, about
④eager, for(about, after)
apologize for doing sth.
apologize是不及物動詞,意為―致歉‖,其表達(dá)式為―apologize to sb.for sth.‖。如:
You must apologize to your sister for being so rude.
它的名詞形式是apology, 復(fù)數(shù)形式是apologizes.
make one’s apologies to sb. for sth.= make an apology to sb. for sth.如:
He make his apologies to me for coming late.
appear
As a result, it appered to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.因此,地球上的科學(xué)家看來,
恒星似乎是移動了。
句型:It appears/seems(to sb.) +that—clause.看來/似乎是……
?、買t appears to me that something is wrong.我看似乎有點(diǎn)不大對頭。
?、贗t appears that he will the prize.看來他會得笑。
中沖刺英語知識點(diǎn)溫習(xí)三
賓語從句
賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句,通常放在主句謂語動詞 (及物動詞) 或介詞之后。
作動詞的賓語
( 由that指導(dǎo)的賓語從句(that 通??梢允÷?, 例如:
I heard that be joined the army. 我聽說他參軍了。
( 由what, whether (if) 指導(dǎo)的賓語從句,例如:
a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道發(fā)生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能幫我改一下條記。
( 動詞+間接賓語+賓語從句。例如:
She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她對我說她會接受我的約請。
作介詞的賓語,例如:
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我們的樂成取決于我們之間的相助。
作形容詞的賓語,例如:
I am afraid (that) I've made a mistake. 我生怕我已經(jīng)犯了一個錯誤。
注重:that 指導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語:anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類詞后的that 從句的看作緣故原由狀語從句。
it 可以作為形式賓語
it 不僅可以作為形式主語,還可以作為形式賓語而真正的賓語that 從句則放在句尾,稀奇是在帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。 例如:
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我聽說她下個朋就會娶親了。
后邊不能直接跟that 從句的動詞
這類動詞有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類詞后可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語,但不能以用that指導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如:
準(zhǔn)確表達(dá):I admire their winning the match.
錯誤表達(dá):I admire that they won the match.
不能用that從句作直接賓語的動詞
有些動詞不能用于“動詞+間接賓語+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,常見的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如:
準(zhǔn)確表達(dá):He impressed the manager as an honest man.
錯誤表達(dá):He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
否認(rèn)的轉(zhuǎn)移
若主句謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,厥后的賓語從句若含有否認(rèn)意義,一樣平常要把否認(rèn)詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上,從句謂語用一定式。例如:
I don't think this dress fits you well. 我以為這件衣服不適合你穿。
表語從句
表語從句在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句,放在系動詞之后,一樣平常結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+連系動詞+表語從句”。可以接表語從句的連系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。指導(dǎo)表語從句的that??墒÷浴A硗?,常用的尚有the reason is that… 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
This is why we can't get the support of the people.
But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
同位語從句
同位語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。
同位語從句的功效
同位語從句對于名詞進(jìn)一步注釋,說明名詞的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容,一樣平常由that指導(dǎo),例如:
The king's decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
同位語在句子中的位置
同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面,而是被其余詞離隔。例如:
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別
( 定語從句中的that既取代先行詞,同時以在從句中作某個身分(主語或賓語),而同位語從句中的that是連詞,只起毗鄰主句與從句的作用,不充當(dāng)句中任何身分。
( 定語從句是形容詞性的,其功效是修飾先行詞,對先行詞加以限制,形貌定的性子或特征;同位語從句是名詞性的,其功效是對名詞舉行彌補(bǔ)說明。例如:
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告訴我的新聞是湯姆明年將出國。)(第一個that指導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句,that在從句中作賓語)
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(湯姆將出國的新聞是他講的。)(同位語從句,that在句中不作任何身分)
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成都高中文化課指點(diǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)電話:,找到自己的不足 孩子的學(xué)習(xí)成績一直不是很好,其實(shí)原因有很多,有的就是他們采用的方式不正確,還有就是知識面不廣,如果補(bǔ)課的話,老師們按照學(xué)生的情況來進(jìn)行分析,讓孩子知道自己哪里不會,老師能給他解決,這樣有助于孩子找到自己的不足,并改善。